where f(x) and g(x) are both integer polynomials. Functional congruences are sometimes also called "identical congruences" (Nagell 1951, p. 74).
Nagell, T. "Algebraic Congruences and Functional Congruences." §22 in Introduction to Number Theory. New York: Wiley, pp. 73-76, 1951.
Eric W. Weisstein. "Functional Congruence."
From MathWorld--A Wolfram Web Resource. http://mathworld.wolfram.com/FunctionalCongruence.html
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